Coconut ... why in Indonesia, Coconut is an integral part of the life of Indonesian society with different roles, ranging from meeting the needs of social and cultural to economic interests, so called tree of life. Coconut can be grown in the tropics, and grows well in hot humid climates. The centers are an important palm plantations located in the zone between 15º NL and 15º SL. Outside of this zone there are only coconut trees are not able to produce fruit (Florida, Los Angeles, Portugal).
Palm plantations in Indonesia currently reaches 3.8 million hectares (ha), which consists of smallholder plantations covering an area of 3.7 million hectares; government-owned plantations covering an area of 4,669 hectares; as well as privately owned area of 66 189 hectares. For 34 years, vast coconut plantations increased from 1.66 million hectares in 1969 to 3.8 million hectares in 2011. The production is the highest in the world in the amount of 18.16 million tons. Coconut cultivated in all provinces in Indonesia, which is spread at an altitude of 0-700 m above sea level, on mineral soil to peat, wet to dry climates. Acreage is concentrated in three areas, namely Sumatra (32.8%), Java and Bali (26.2%), as well as Sulawesi (18.4%). This area certainly does not include oil plants that grow and develop naturally in various islands are inhabited or not inhabited by humans. Approximately 3.59 million ha or 96% is smallholder plantations cultivated in monoculture or polyculture and or yard, involving about 20 million people (Kasryno et al., 1998, Sulistyo 1998) .. palm acreage increased with the growth rate 3.1 % / year.
National oil production increased by an average of 3.0% / year in the period 1967-1996. This production increase is mainly due to the increase in the total area of 3.1%. With palm fruit production average of 15.5 billion items per year, the total follow-up of materials that can be gained 3.75 million tons of water, 0.75 million tons of charcoal, 1.8 million tons of coir fiber, and 3.3 million tons coir dust. Oil plants cultivated intensively on optimal conditions to produce fruit about 100-200 grains / tree / year. The annual dry matter production of about 5.1 to 9.7 g / m2 / day.
Fruit that has old weight consists of 35% fiber, 12% shell, 28% endosperm and 25% water. While the endosperm contains: 52% water, 34% oil, 3% protein, 1.5% sugars and 1% ash. The coconut water containing 2% glucose, 4% dry matter and gray matter.
The development of technology has changed the direction of the coconut meat processing industry of edible oil into products other food and chemical industries have high added value. In addition, the use of technology has developed other parts of the plant which was originally a waste oil into products that have a market, both domestically and for export, such as coir, shell, nata de coco, furniture, and sugar. The availability of efficient small-scale technologies, both of which produce a final product or intermediate products for further processing in the large industries, enabling the development of agro-industries to the countryside. Various technologies have been developed for the processing of products from outside the oil palm
Palm plantations in Indonesia currently reaches 3.8 million hectares (ha), which consists of smallholder plantations covering an area of 3.7 million hectares; government-owned plantations covering an area of 4,669 hectares; as well as privately owned area of 66 189 hectares. For 34 years, vast coconut plantations increased from 1.66 million hectares in 1969 to 3.8 million hectares in 2011. The production is the highest in the world in the amount of 18.16 million tons. Coconut cultivated in all provinces in Indonesia, which is spread at an altitude of 0-700 m above sea level, on mineral soil to peat, wet to dry climates. Acreage is concentrated in three areas, namely Sumatra (32.8%), Java and Bali (26.2%), as well as Sulawesi (18.4%). This area certainly does not include oil plants that grow and develop naturally in various islands are inhabited or not inhabited by humans. Approximately 3.59 million ha or 96% is smallholder plantations cultivated in monoculture or polyculture and or yard, involving about 20 million people (Kasryno et al., 1998, Sulistyo 1998) .. palm acreage increased with the growth rate 3.1 % / year.
National oil production increased by an average of 3.0% / year in the period 1967-1996. This production increase is mainly due to the increase in the total area of 3.1%. With palm fruit production average of 15.5 billion items per year, the total follow-up of materials that can be gained 3.75 million tons of water, 0.75 million tons of charcoal, 1.8 million tons of coir fiber, and 3.3 million tons coir dust. Oil plants cultivated intensively on optimal conditions to produce fruit about 100-200 grains / tree / year. The annual dry matter production of about 5.1 to 9.7 g / m2 / day.
Fruit that has old weight consists of 35% fiber, 12% shell, 28% endosperm and 25% water. While the endosperm contains: 52% water, 34% oil, 3% protein, 1.5% sugars and 1% ash. The coconut water containing 2% glucose, 4% dry matter and gray matter.
The development of technology has changed the direction of the coconut meat processing industry of edible oil into products other food and chemical industries have high added value. In addition, the use of technology has developed other parts of the plant which was originally a waste oil into products that have a market, both domestically and for export, such as coir, shell, nata de coco, furniture, and sugar. The availability of efficient small-scale technologies, both of which produce a final product or intermediate products for further processing in the large industries, enabling the development of agro-industries to the countryside. Various technologies have been developed for the processing of products from outside the oil palm
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Coconut shell charcoal
Location: Jakarta, Indonesia
E-Mail Address: krissuparman@
Website URL: http://www.
E-Mail Address: krissuparman@
Website URL: http://www.
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